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Gang-related organised crime in the United Kingdom is concentrated around the cities of London, Manchester and Liverpool and regionally across the West Midlands region, south coast and northern England, according to the Serious Organised Crime Agency.〔(Serious Organised Crime Review | SOCA )〕 With regards to street gangs the cities identified as having the most serious gang problems, which also accounted for 65% of firearm homicides in England and Wales, were London, Birmingham, Manchester and Liverpool.〔(Tackling Gangs Action Plan Press Release | Attorney General )〕 Glasgow in Scotland also has a historical gang culture with the city having 6 times as many teenage gangs as London, which has ten times the population, per capita.〔(Teenage gang plague 6 times worse than London | News Scotsman )〕 In the early part of the millennium the cities of Leeds, Bristol, Bradford (including Keighley) and Nottingham all commanded headlines pertaining to street gangs and suffered their share of high-profile firearms murders. Sheffield, which has a long history of gangs traced back to the 1920s in the book "The Sheffield Gang Wars", along with Leicester〔(Gang culture taking root in Leicester | Crimestoppers UK )〕 is one of numerous urban centres seen to have an emerging or re-emerging gang problem. On 28 November 2007, a major offensive against gun crime by gangs in Birmingham, Liverpool, London and Manchester led to 118 arrests. More than 1,000 police officers were involved in the raids. Not all of the 118 arrests were gun related; others were linked to drugs, prostitution and other crimes. Home Secretary Jacqui Smith said it showed the police could "fight back against gangs".〔(Major crackdown on guns culture ) BBC News, Thursday, 29 November 2007〕 Increasingly, Britain's street gangs in certain inner city areas such as London and Manchester are becoming more of a cultural transmission of America's Crips and Bloods.〔(Crips and Bloods: How Britain's mobs are imitating US gangs ), The Times, July 11, 2008〕〔Ross Kemp on Gangs, Season 2, Episode 5 (Teenage Gangs of South London)〕 This is evidenced by identification with colours, hand signs, graffiti tags〔(London Gang Graffiti )〕 and in some cases gang names, for example Old Trafford Cripz and Moss Side Bloods〔(Gun Crime On The Rise | Manchester Evening News )〕 or 031 (O-Tray-One) Bloods gang and ABM (All Bout Money) Crips.〔(Boy 15 stabbed to death and 5 more hurt in gang battle | London Evening Standard )〕 Debate persists over the extent and nature of gang activity in the UK, with some academics and policy-makers arguing that the current focus of enforcement efforts on gang membership is inadvisable, given a lack of consensus over the relationship between gangs and crime.〔 ==Gangs in major urban centres== 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Gangs in the United Kingdom」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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